Here, I am sharing my thoughts related with very crucial topic on technology and teachers, can technology replace teachers? this is very trendy and very burning question now a days so here is my task activity given by hon. prof. Dilip Barad sir.
We are assign to read some articles and then share our point of views regarding it, here is the articles, in this particular we are going to talk about the History of CALL /MALL mobile assisted language learning.
Until quite recently, computer-assisted language learning (CALL) was a topic of relevance mostly to those with a special interest in that area. Recently, though, computers have become so widespread in schools and homes and their uses have expanded so dramatically that the majority of language teachers must now begin to think about the implications of computers for language learning.
based on the then-dominant behaviorist theories of learning. Programs of this phase entailed repetitive language drills and can be referred to as "drill and practice" .Briefly put, that rationale is as follows:
- Repeated
exposure to the same material is beneficial or even essential to learning
- A computer is
ideal for carrying out repeated drills, since the machine does not get
bored with presenting the same material and since it can provide immediate
non-judgmental feedback
- A computer can
present such material on an individualized basis, allowing students to
proceed at their own pace and freeing up class time for other activities
Proponents
of this approach felt that the drill and practice programs of the previous
decade did not allow enough authentic communication to be of much value. One of the main advocates of this new approach was
John Underwood, who in 1984 proposed a series of "Premises for
'Communicative' CALL"
According
to Underwood, communicative CALL:
- focuses more on
using forms rather than on the forms themselves;
- teaches grammar
implicitly rather than explicitly;
- allows and
encourages students to generate original utterances rather than just
manipulate prefabricated language;
- does not judge
and evaluate everything the students nor reward them with congratulatory
messages, lights, or bells;
- avoids telling students they are wrong and is flexible to a variety of student responses
- uses the target language exclusively
Integrative approaches to CALL are based on two important technological developments of the last decade - multimedia computers and the Internet. Multimedia technology - exemplified today by the CD-ROM - allows a variety of media (text, graphics, sound, animation, and video) to be accessed on a single machine.
Hypermedia: That means that the multimedia resources are all linked together and that learners can navigate their own path simply by pointing and clicking a mouse .Hypermedia provides a number of advantages for language learning.,
- a more authentic learning environment is created, since listening is combined with seeing, just like in the real world.
- , skills are easily integrated, since the variety of media make it natural to combine reading, writing, speaking and listening
- , skills are easily integrated, since the variety of media make it natural to combine reading, writing, speaking and listening
- it facilitates a principle focus on the content, without sacrificing a secondary focus on language form or learning strategies.
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